PREVIOUSLY ASKED IN:
CTET 2024
Answer
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation
Poor handwriting or Dysgraphia does not equate to low intelligence or intellectual disability. However, teachers often carry implicit biases that cause them to unfairly link poor handwriting with poor cognitive ability. These false assumptions lead to stereotyping and labeling, which severely hampers the child's academic and personal growth. Therefore, both statements are true and correctly linked.
Key Points
- > Implicit bias refers to unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding and actions.
- > A teacher's expectations directly impact a student's performance (known as the Pygmalion Effect or Rosenthal effect).
- > Dysgraphia is a Specific Learning Disability (SLD), not an Intellectual Disability (ID).
- > Inclusive pedagogy strictly prohibits 'labeling' or segregating students based on their deficits.
- > Stereotyping leads to a self-fulfilling prophecy where students lose confidence and fail to perform.
Additional Information
Teacher Expectations and Psychological Effects
| Effect Name | Description | Example in Education |
|---|---|---|
| Pygmalion Effect | Higher expectations lead to an increase in performance. | Teacher believes in a student, and the student excels. |
| Golem Effect | Lower expectations lead to a decrease in performance. | Teacher thinks a student is dull, and the student's grades drop. |
| Halo Effect | One positive trait influences the overall judgment. | Assuming a well-dressed student is also highly intelligent. |
Memory Tips
- Pygmalion = Positive: Positive teacher expectations build success.
- Golem = Gloomy/Negative: Negative expectations ruin potential.