PREVIOUSLY ASKED IN:
CTET 2024
Answer
Social constructivism
Explanation
An 'active' classroom implies that students are dynamically engaged in constructing knowledge through interaction and collaboration with peers and teachers. This aligns perfectly with Lev Vygotsky's 'Social Constructivism', which posits that cognitive development is fundamentally a social and collaborative activity.
Key Points
- > Lev Vygotsky is the father of Social Constructivism.
- > According to Vygotsky, cognitive development depends on three factors: Society, Culture, and Language.
- > Behaviourism focuses on Stimulus-Response conditioning, rewards, and punishments (e.g., Pavlov, Skinner).
- > Psychoanalysis, developed by Sigmund Freud, deals with the unconscious mind.
- > In a constructivist classroom, the teacher acts as a facilitator, not a dictator.
Additional Information
Major Psychological Perspectives
| Perspective | Key Proponents | Core Idea |
|---|---|---|
| Behaviourism | Watson, Skinner, Pavlov | Behavior is controlled by the environment. Focus on drill and practice. |
| Cognitive Constructivism | Jean Piaget | Children independently construct knowledge through environment interaction. |
| Social Constructivism | Lev Vygotsky | Children construct knowledge collaboratively with others. |
| Psychoanalysis | Sigmund Freud | Behavior is driven by unconscious desires and early childhood memories. |
Important Facts
- Peer Tutoring or collaborative learning is one of the best classroom applications of Social Constructivism.
Memory Tips
- Constructivism = Active Construction: Whenever learners are active, constructivism is at play. Adding 'Social' means group interaction is involved.