PREVIOUSLY ASKED IN:
PSC Miscellaneous Prelims 2018
Answer
Vishnu Sharma
Explanation
The 'Panchatantra' is an ancient Indian collection of interrelated animal fables in Sanskrit verse and prose. It was written by Pandit Vishnu Sharma. According to the legend, he composed these tales to teach principles of statecraft, practical wisdom, and polity to the three dull-witted sons of King Amarashakti. 'Panchatantra' literally translates to 'Five Treatises'. It is one of the most frequently translated literary products of India.
Key Points
- > Vishnu Sharma is the acclaimed author of the Panchatantra.
- > It was originally composed in Sanskrit.
- > The book consists of five parts (tantras) illustrating principles of 'Niti' (wise conduct).
- > It was translated into Arabic as 'Kalila wa Dimna'.
- > Kalidasa wrote masterpieces like Shakuntalam and Meghadutam.
- > Tulsidas is famous for writing the Ramcharitmanas in Awadhi.
- > Banabhatta (court poet of Harsha) wrote Harshacharita and Kadambari.
Additional Information
Ancient Indian Literature and Authors
| Book Title | Author | Subject Matter |
|---|---|---|
| Panchatantra | Vishnu Sharma | Animal fables imparting moral values |
| Hitopadesha | Narayana Pandit | Sanskrit fables |
| Ramcharitmanas | Tulsidas | Awadhi retelling of the Ramayana |
| Harshacharita | Banabhatta | Biography of Emperor Harsha |
| Gita Govinda | Jayadeva | Divine love of Radha and Krishna |
Memory Tips
- Vishnu's Wisdom: Think of Lord Vishnu taking animal avatars (Matsya, Kurma). Similarly, Vishnu Sharma used animal stories to teach wisdom in the Panchatantra.